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The tourism sector was among the most affected sector during the COVID-19 pandemic and has lost up to USD 5.87 billion potential revenue. Since many countries closed the borders, including Indonesia, by applying travel restrictions and thus tourists postponed their visits. Whereas vaccine distribution has shown good progress as the vaccination percentage in Jakarta and Bali has shown promising results since the majority of its population has been vaccinated, and it helps many industries, including tourism, recover. However, the pandemic might change tourist behavior. In addition, information about tourist destinations is spread poorly in various sources, and it psychologically affects tourists' decision to visit. Many works have been published to address this issue with the recommendation system. However, it does not provide geopolitical variables such as PPKM in Indonesia to ensure safeness for the tourist. Therefore, this research aims to enhance innovations in the tourism industry by considering the geopolitics factor into the system using Multiple Linear Regression. The result of this research demonstrates the effectiveness of geopolitics added variable on three different cities Jakarta, Java, and Bali. It can be implemented in a wide area in Indonesia. For further research, the proposed model can be used in a wide area in Indonesia and developed for a more comprehensive recommendation system. © 2022 IEEE.
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Modern-day tourism festivals in Asia have greatly embraced technology to boost festival quality, attendee's experience and marketing potential. With this development, technology enhances tourism festival demand, innovation, and attendance. This in turn boosts the market value since it creates a modernized, industrialized, and commercialized industry that can compete favorably on the global tourism market. Although the application of advanced technology particularly in festivals has been anticipated to be associated with several technical challenges, financial and human resource constraints, it is important to note that if appropriate and acceptable models are identified and factors that influence technological applied, a long-lasting impression on the minds of the festival visitors can be created. This study was done to both offer a theoretical overview of the application of technologies in tourism festivals and to inform development of strategy in the Asian tourism festival industry. Effective integration of innovative digital technologies in tourism festivals in Asia is anticipated to create a unique leisure experience, particularly in a unique form of festivals known as ‘Smart Tourism Festivals'. Besides sustainability, these highly impact on the key experience outcomes such as satisfaction and memorability of the festival attendees. The COVID-19 pandemic has given momentum to the current technological application processes in various film, music, culture, sport, art and other related carnivals and festivals in the tourism industry especially amongst the leading Asian economies such as China, South Korea, Japan, Malaysia, India, Singapore, Bangladesh, Hong Kong and Thailand among others. This paper uses existing studies to provide a theoretical discussion of tourism festivals in the Asian context, areas of impact of digital technologies on festivals, emergence of smart tourism festivals, the underlying challenges and opportunities. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
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This work intends to identify how Spanish World Heritage Cities (SWHC) are interpreting and implementing the Smart Destination Spanish Model (SD). The model has been created as a new paradigm of tourist management, and it is being sponsored by the Spanish public administration in different destinations, including Spanish World Heritage Cities. SWHC are historic, major tourist destinations with a large number of visitors. A sequence of qualitative methods has been used, consisting of documentary analysis with semi-structured interviews. The destination managers from each of the 15 cities that take part of the World Heritage Cities Spanish Group have been interviewed. In addition, an executive of the government-owned Tourism Innovation and Technologies company (SEGITTUR) has been also interviewed. The results do highlight the momentum that the model has reached, accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic, and serve to identify what kind of strategies have been put in practice.
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Using bibliometric analysis, this research provides a comprehensive, systematic, and visual overview of 441 studies related to smart tourism, which were published between 2010 and 2021, thus considering the state of research and trends in this research field from the beginning of smart tourism research to the entry of the fifth-generation mobile communication technology era and the explosion of COVID-19. It also offers insights into its future research agenda and advancing the development of smart tourism. This paper can provide intuitive and valuable information to promote theoretical and practical research on smart tourism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
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Destination practitioners and scholars have recognized the increasing importance of technologies, resulting in the implementation of smart tourism initiatives to overcome destination challenges before and during the COVID-19 pandemic period. While smart destinations are predominantly deemed to be technology-oriented, there have been calls for more collaborative and human-oriented forms of tourism development. This paper adopts a path dependence approach to explore the development of smart destinations and specifically why some smart destinations do not follow a technology path. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in smart initiatives in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The findings illustrated that smart development draws on resources and activities associated with the past, which was confirmed by identifying the constitutive features of the path. Ljubljana's sustainability path significantly influenced its smart development, which challenges the underlying predominant assumption of smart being equated with digitization. Developers can use the findings to hasten the implementation of smart initiatives while also being mindful that paths can restrict practitioners' ability to change the focus of smart developments.
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COVID-19 has caused a global disaster never seen before. One of the worst damaged industries has been tourism. To propose a solution for these sites, the available literature, and advice on recovering tourism after the COVID-19 crisis were examined and arranged in an integrated smart tourism destination framework. This paper aims to develop new forms of tourism, especially smart tourism in Vietnam, where the information technology industry is flourishing. This main content was based on case studies about smart tourism in Korea and Taiwan. Besides the traditional forms of tourism, smart tourism will develop in Vietnam in the future. The result showed that modern technology had become an essential method in improving tourists' satisfaction and efficiency in transactions related to travel. Furthermore, it will have contributed to changing the face of tourism in many countries worldwide. © 2023, SRAC - Romanian Society for Quality. All rights reserved.
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This book meticulously focuses on seeing technological solutions of overtourism on decimated destinations from a comprehensive viewpoint. Considering the present crisis situation, the global tourism industry is in need to formulate revised strategies to recover and to be more resilient. The book creates a platform to deliberate the measures needed to be taken to tackle the issue of this most recent crisis of COVID-19 on the lens of overtourism and technology application. The book adds some unique suggestions to direct a new outlook towards overtourism, technology solutions and decimated destinations. This book discusses the responsibilities of tourists towards decimated destinations as well as provides in-deep knowledge and debates about technological solutions to overtourism in decimated destinations. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
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Due to COVID-19, the tourism sector had a loss of visitor revenue of 56%. For tourism in Caral, Peru for 2020 there was a 95% reduction in the annual number of visitors expected. Therefore, the research aims to develop a mobile application for Android with augmented reality to show 3D models and audiovisual content that allows to promote the use of virtual tourism for the archaeological zone of Caral, Peru. To this end, an applied research is developed with a quantitative approach following an experimental methodological design through the pre-experimental method for which a sample of 50 users was taken. To measure this experiment was based on the use of indicators of time of use of the application and the use of augmented reality in the application. The results obtained an average time of use of the application of 0:08:25 minutes while the average time of use of augmented reality in the application was 0:03:36 minutes. Likewise, the results show a great interest on the part of users towards the implementation of augmented reality in an application focused on tourism. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
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Advanced technologies are leading to a vital change in city life and turning the urban planning development plans. The new technical development initiatives have evolutionary transform the urban infrastructure by optimizing planning of resources use and through information technology systems. Post COVID-19 raised interesting question that if another pandemic or major threat in the future, would urban areas be sufficiently prepared to respond based on the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic? This paper highlights the Expo City Dubai case in light of smart city and smart tourism destination. The emphasis is on dual approach of usage of smart technologies as residential areas and tourist place in term of planning and provision of facilities. This research figure out the planning instruments applied in smart strategies in Expo City by focusing on how sustainability indicators are considered under the smart paradigm. The discussion revealed that Expo City is fulfilling the requirements of being a smart destination by displaying novel technical applications of 5G, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT) and robotics. The final discussion contextualizes by proposing potential areas of synthesis, applications for planning practice, and areas of future research in sustainable urban city planning. © 2022 IEEE.
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The study seeks to address the following research objectives: (1) to reveal how smart tourism ecosystems (STE) can be redefined through a data-driven approach for digital transformation;(2) to assess the impact of data-driven approach on the development of sustainability and innovation. Methodology: The empirical research is based on a case study methodology performed through the technique of qualitative content analysis. The key data-driven strategies and practices implemented through the Project "Smart Tourism” are analyzed. Findings: The findings reveal that data-driven smart tourism ecosystems can create innovation and sustainability based on the activation of a data culture, of different kinds of resources and digital skills and on users' participation. Originality: The identification of the drivers for the digital redefinition of smart tourism ecosystems can be useful for researchers and managers that should face the acceleration of digitalization processes caused by Covid-19. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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Global natural and manmade events are exposing the fragility of the tourism industry and its impact on the global economy. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism contributed 10.3% to the global GDP and employed 333 million people but saw a significant decline due to the pandemic. Sustainable and smart tourism requires collaboration from all stakeholders and a comprehensive understanding of global and local issues to drive responsible and innovative growth in the sector. This paper presents an approach for leveraging big data and deep learning to discover holistic, multi-perspective (e.g., local, cultural, national, and international), and objective information on a subject. Specifically, we develop a machine learning pipeline to extract parameters from the academic literature and public opinions on Twitter, providing a unique and comprehensive view of the industry from both academic and public perspectives. The academic-view dataset was created from the Scopus database and contains 156,759 research articles from 2000 to 2022, which were modelled to identify 33 distinct parameters in 4 categories: Tourism Types, Planning, Challenges, and Media and Technologies. A Twitter dataset of 485,813 tweets was collected over 18 months from March 2021 to August 2022 to showcase the public perception of tourism in Saudi Arabia, which was modelled to reveal 13 parameters categorized into two broader sets: Tourist Attractions and Tourism Services. The paper also presents a comprehensive knowledge structure and literature review of the tourism sector based on over 250 research articles. Discovering system parameters are required to embed autonomous capabilities in systems and for decision-making and problem-solving during system design and operations. The work presented in this paper has significant theoretical and practical implications in that it improves AI-based information discovery by extending the use of scientific literature, Twitter, and other sources for autonomous, holistic, dynamic optimizations of systems, promoting novel research in the tourism sector and contributing to the development of smart and sustainable societies. © 2023 by the authors.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has brought changes in the different requirements related to consumer experience. We conducted a sentiment analysis on many comments of tourists in two most popular online travel platforms in Mexico, TripAdvisor and Booking.com, from April 2020 to February 2021. Our analysis was aimed at understanding the effect of COVID-19 on the behaviour of tourism consumers who make trips using on-line platforms for booking luxury hotels. The results demonstrated that the personal characteristics of travellers are heterogeneous and respond to a specific context. The research concluded that luxury hotels need to create appropriate strategies for the tourists who make booking through digital platforms and the different requirements they have during their stays in the hotels. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how consumers perceive the importance of using robot technologies for 12 services evaluated under two categories considering the technology acceptance model (TAM). Design/methodology/approach: The conceptual model analysis used structural equation modeling with the partial least squares estimation method, considering 638 responses. Findings: The results revealed that the perceived importance (PI) of robotic service delivery tasks under "room division” and "food and beverage and secondary services” affect perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) differently. Besides, PEOU and PU significantly influence attitudes toward using robot-staffed hotels. Research limitations/implications: The nonprobability convenience sampling method was used as the data collection method. Future studies that prefer probabilistic methods will open a different perspective for evaluating the results. Practical implications: This study's empirical findings reveal which robot-delivered services are found significant by the customers and contribute to increased customer satisfaction and loyalty. In addition, it guides accurate demand and investment planning for the tourism and hospitality industry in the post-COVID-19 era. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, previous literature has not tested or confirmed the effects of PI related to two groups of robotic service delivery tasks on utilitarian variables. This study contributes to the literature by examining how different robotic service delivery tasks are linked to the TAM framework in a hotel setting. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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Touristification and smartization processes are commonly associated with economic growth strategies. Here we emphasize and demonstrate the need to consider the implication of these processes on social sustainability. Initial results imply that: (1) regions not specialized in tourism are associated with a lower share of population in poverty;and (2) regions' ‘smartness' level is negatively associated with the share of poverty. However, in regions highly specialized in tourism, smartization demonstrated an opposite association of increased intra-regional poverty. As residents' quality of life is becoming a key policy consideration, understanding the effect of these socio-economic processes on socially sustainable growth has timely implications for regional planning, including for post-COVID-19 recovery strategies.
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Considering the influences of the COVID-19 disease, systemic risks with respect to the tourism industry and the erratic preferences of the tourists have fiercely affected the performance of machine learning models for tourist trajectory prediction. This paper introduces a noise-reduced and Bayesian optimized light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM) to forecast the likelihood of visitors entering the consequent scenic attraction, accommodating to the variability of tourism attributes. The empirical evidence of tourism data in Luoyang City Hall from March 2020 to November 2021 illustrates that our practice surpasses the baseline LightGBM mechanism as well as a random search-based technique regarding prediction loss by 5.39% and 4.42% correspondingly. The proposed research demonstrates a promising stride in the improvement of intelligent tourism in the experimental area by enhancing tourist experiences and allocating tourism resources efficiently, which can also be smoothly applied to other scenic spots. © 2023 SPIE.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of coping strategies, attitudes, and positive anticipated emotions on the positive expectations and behavioral intentions of Korean tourists during the COVID-19 pandemic. An integrated model was proposed and tested, and the results indicate that effective coping strategies, attitudes, and positive anticipated emotions have a positive effect on the positive expectations of tourism during the pandemic, which in turn positively influences behavioral intentions. Practical suggestions were also provided based on the findings. This research has implications for understanding the ways in which individuals cope with and adapt to travel during times of crisis, and for identifying strategies that may facilitate positive expectations and behavioral intentions in the tourism industry.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Intention , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Tourism , Motivation , Pandemics , Adaptation, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Information and communication technologies, or ICT, have revolutionized societies' daily lives and the economy's development on a global scale. Senior tourism is considered a sector in solid expansion, and, as such, it matters to understand the importance that these tourists attribute to these technologies. The association between tourism and digitalization gave rise to the concept of "smart tourism". So, it is essential to have the necessary skills to be active in a world mediated by the internet. It is not just tourist destinations that have evolved in the present digital age;tourists, themselves, have also changed. However, this digitalization has not equitably reached the entire senior population. The main goal of this article is to analyze the internet use by older tourists to plan their trip to the Algarve before the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. It has the specific objective of identifying and exploring what type of service they sought the information. The results indicate that there are statistically significant differences between different groups of respondents regarding the use of the internet to plan a trip to the Algarve.
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The concept of tourism represents a wide field of research and development, especially considering the global dimensions it is taking. In Albania, the tourism sector has become one of the most important sectors of economic development, especially in recent years when attention has increased in the international arena. The financial and social impact has begun to be experienced, when seeing that almost all figures in the tourism components show growth. The earthquake of November 26, 2019, and especially the isolation from the COVID-19 pandemic, had a negative impact, that limited the development and investment capacities in this sector. As a result of the great opportunities that our country offers in the field of tourism, technology has played a no less important role, especially for promotion to foreigners. The standardization of services has come as a result of awareness on development opportunities, but also as a result of constant demands and models borrowed from other countries, where digital transformation also undoubtedly plays a role. Another element affected in this study is the digitalization of business in the provision method of the tourism product. Specifically, tel_Albania, as a leadi ng company in the country, has launched the tel_Business platform, by aiming to contribute to the fulfilment of the concepts of smart tourism and e-tourism. © 2022 by ASERS® Publishing. All rights reserved.
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Con la crisis provocada por la COVID-19 el concepto de resiliencia ha ganado importancia en el sector turístico, uno de los más afectados. Esta pausa ha provocado que se plantee un cambio de modelo basado en la sostenibilidad donde el modelo de Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes (DTI) aparecen como los principales beneficiados de esta crisis, ya que consiguen superar el objetivo del crecimiento y tienen un enfoque de planificación y gestión directamente relacionado la sostenibilidad del sector turístico. En este trabajo se pretende, mediante el análisis de diversos indicadores, caracterizar la relación entre sostenibilidad y resiliencia, analizar la contribución del modelo DTI a la sostenibilidad, identificar su posibles limitaciones, e identificar nuevas posibilidades para hacer más resilientes los destinos. Evolucionar hacia destinos más inteligentes requiere más atención que no unos simples indicadores y la interrelación de diferentes dimensiones: ambiental, sociocultural,… que junto con la incorporación de los ODS 2030, nos lleve hacia un modelo más integrado y sostenible.Alternate :With the crisis caused by COVID-19, the concept of resilience has gained importance in the tourism sector, one of the most affected. This pause has provoked a change of model based on sustainability where the model of Smart Tourism Destinations (ITD) appear as the main beneficiaries of this crisis since they manage to overcome the objective of growth and have a planning and management approach contributing to the sustainability of the tourism sector and acting as a good example. This paper aims through the analysis of indicators to characterize the relationship between sustainability and resilience, to analyze the contribution of the DTI model to sustainability and its implications for becoming more resilient, as well as to identify limitations and identify new possibilities to make destinations more resilient. Evolving towards smarter destinations requires more attention than simple indicators and the interrelation of different dimensions: environmental, socio-cultural,... that together with the incorporation of the SDG 2030, will lead us towards a more integrated and sustainable model.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the tourists' perception of smart tourism with the application of virtual reality and design a framework of smart tourism with elements of VR for Indian Tourism especially in the periods of the pandemic COVID-19. The ever-evolving and unprecedented COVID 19 situation had posed extreme challenges for the travel and tourism industry. In such conditions, it is becoming increasingly necessary to rely on digital technologies, ICT and smart tourism. ICT has served as a catalyst for innovations in tourism.Design/methodology/approachThis study investigates the impact of smart tourism and virtual reality technology on the perception of tourists towards travelling decisions during and post COVID-19 scenario. The respondents involved in the study were tourists travelling in India, the tourists come from different parts of India. A structured questionnaire has been administered to collect data from 224 travellers across India. The questionnaire consisted 22 constructs. The constructs in this section were measured using a five-point Likert scale ranging. In the first step, the first order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) is carried out, by using the software IBM AMOS-20. The initial model is generated ix constructs, and outcomes are used to analyse the model's goodness of fit and construct validity. In the second step, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is carried out to do the path analysis of the proposed model. The effect of relationships amongst the theoretical constructs is also analysed using SEM.FindingsThe findings imply that the application of smart tourism along with virtual reality forms a positive perception of tourists and provides a sustainable platform for tourism organizations in Indian tourism. Virtual reality-based tourism has emerged as alternate for the tourism industry during the times of Covid, which in long run can be seen as a substitute to traditional tourism. The increasing use of blue ocean concepts, to delivery high-value experience at low cost has complimented the tourism industry. The researchers have made a modest attempt by proposing a blended model of smart tourism with virtual reality as a blue ocean strategy and which would ultimately facilitate the sustainability of the Industry by creating multi-dimensional values of experience for tourists in India.Research limitations/implicationsThe researchers have made a modest attempt by proposing a blended model of smart tourism with virtual reality as a blue ocean strategy, which would ultimately facilitate the industry's sustainability by creating multi-dimensional values of experience for tourists in India.Originality/valueThis qualitative study designs a smart tourism system with the use of the recent advances in ICT and Virtual Reality (VR), as a bridging solution and the saviour of the tourism sector in India during COVID 19. The integration of ICT into the travel experience has resulted in the social phenomena of smart tourism. This has led to a rise in use of smart tourism tools among tourism service providers.